Why Districts Are Spending More Money Now to Ensure Students with Autism Spend Less Time on the Bus in the Next School Year

By Lisa J. Hudson

A growing numbers of school districts in the Westmoreland County, Pa., region are establishing classrooms within their schools designed specifically for students with autism. The Pittsburgh Tribune Review attributes the increase in the number of schools trying this strategy to, "changing interpretations of education law (that) are pushing public schools to educate every student closer to home."

A few of the school officials interviewed for the Aug. 2 article also specifically cite the fact that students with autism attending schools closer to home will spend less time on school buses, which they see as a benefit.

The initial costs to set up a new, autism-specific classroom for as few as three to four students can be expensive. For example, a new kindergarten and first grade classroom at the Southmoreland Primary Center will cost up to $90,000 in the initial year for salary, benefits and special equipment, notes the paper. However, John Molnar, administrative assistant in the Southmoreland School District, says that compared to the cost of sending those students outside the district, it will in the long run be more cost effective to have them stay local. Additionally, Molnar notes, "What we're trying to do is get our youngest kids off the buses."

"It's a benefit to the taxpayers to educate these students in the district," notes Margaret Zimmer, the director of pupil services for the Norwin School District in commenting on the decision to establish a new classroom for seven severely autistic elementary students in the district.

Zimmer also told the paper the new class will allow the students to spend less time on buses and give them more exposure to their non-autistic peers.

School Bus Driver Unions and the Need for Special Understanding

By Peggy A. Burns

We all know that drivers of students with special needs have to be special themselves. At a recent conference, one school transportation administrator bemoaned the fact that the union doesn’t seem to recognize this, and it demands that seniority alone be the deciding factor in who can bid successfully for a special needs route. In this district, the union was the barrier to choosing the right person for the job. In another district, the board of education’s policies – or your own – may have created the unintended consequence of limiting the pool of drivers for this critical work without regard to true qualifications.

As with so many areas, the “fix” is likely to be related to your efforts to educate necessary people. I wonder what would happen if union representatives or board members accompanied you on several real special needs routes. Perhaps they would begin to understand the unique challenges that ride along on these routes. Show them “The Road to Compliance for Special Needs Drivers.” Expose them to the wide variety of equipment that travels along with special needs students. In short, let them know what’s behind your insistence – and you must be insistent about this – that the right people be in the right positions.

Peggy Burns is an attorney and consultant, owner of Education Compliance Group, Inc. and a regular contributor to School Transportation News. She is the developer of four video training programs, “The Road to Compliance for Special Needs Drivers," “Putting the Brakes on Harassment: Training for School Bus Drivers,” “Steering Clear of Liability: Training for School Bus Drivers, and “Confidential Records: Training for School Bus Drivers.” Peggy can be reached at (888) 604-6141 or ecginc@qwestoffice.net.

H1N1 and its Effect on Children with Disabilities

The panic surrounding the “swine flu” that went global in late April and early May has subsided, but health officials have warned that a new strain could emerge this fall in time for fall. Back to school always elicits extra care by school officials in dealing with infectious diseases, as once again children and their germs mingle in the classroom, on the playground and in the yellow school bus. Now, a report released earlier this month indicates that children with special needs must be especially cautious.

We’ve known that the H1N1 virus can be fatal to anyone with underlying conditions, with most severe cases occuring in people over 65 or under 18. New York City’s Department of Health and Mental Hygiene puts into context why those with underlying medical conditions should take extra precautions to avoid the flu and should contact their doctor as soon as possible if they are found to have flu-like symptoms.

The department’s preliminary analysis of 152 patients who were hospitalized for swine flu showed that 82 percent had an underlying condition, specifically:
• 41 percent of patients hospitalized for swine flu had asthma
• 18 percent were less than 2 years old
• 13 percent had a compromised immune system
• 12 percent had heart disease
• Other factors include being pregnant; other chronic lung problems, such as emphysema; chronic heart, kidney, liver or blood disorders; neurological disorders that cause breathing problems; diabetes; and being under 18 years old and on long-term aspirin therapy.

Is your school team taking special or additional precautions to protect special needs passengers? Does pre-service training differ this year when it comes to dealing with infectious diseases on the school bus?

More About Special Needs Abuse

Last week, we discussed the GAO's report on the abuse of special needs students in their schools. Today, CNN recounts a congressional hearing on the issue. According to Disability Scoop, the White House is "very concerned" about this, too. A senior spokesman says:

The White House is very concerned about the restraint and seclusion issue, especially the deaths and serious injuries that have taken place across the country. We are committed to working with the secretary of education, Congress and the community to explore solutions to this issue.

Are federal standards far off?

GAO: Some Special Needs Students Abused by Their Schools

The special needs and education community is abuzz with a report from the Government Accountability Office on public and private schools and treatment center's use of restraint and seclusion. The report on selected cases of abuse and death prepared for the House Education and labor committee found "hundreds of cases of alleged abuse and death related to the use of these methods on school children during the past two decades."

Examples of cases examined by the GAO include a West Virginia 4-year-old girl with cerebral palsy and autism who "suffered bruising and post traumatic stress disorder after teachers restrained her in a wooden chair with leather straps—described as resembling a miniature electric chair—for being 'uncooperative.'" In another incident, "a special education teacher at a public school was accused of using bungee cords and duct tape to fasten children as young as 5 years old to chairs designed to support kids with muscular difficulties. According to parents, their children sustained injuries such as broken arms and bloody noses while in this teacher’s class. A teacher’s aide told investigators that the woman used the restraints on a daily basis to punish the children."

The GAO finds that despite the fact that it "continues to receive new allegations from parents and advocacy groups" there is no central agency that collects information about these allegations or these methods and no federal guidance on the matter. In reviewing 10 cases in which their where criminal convictions, often involving non-violent students, the GAO finds a few trends: did not give consent; restraints that block air to the lungs can be deadly; teachers and staff in the cases were often not trained on the use of seclusions and restraints; and teachers and staff from at least 5 of the 10 cases continue to be employed as educators.

While there is no mention of any incidents on the school bus in the full report [PDF] some past incidents suggest this is something the school bus industry needs to consider, too. Take a look at the report, let us know what you think. What you share can help the industry become safer and serve special needs students better.

Inspiring Words for Special Needs Students and Some Uninspiring Actions

Tawana Williams, a woman born without arms, shared a message with special needs students in Richmond County (N.C.) during the first annual Transition Support Fair for students with disabilities, the Richmond County Journal reports. She told the students:

“Stop focusing on what you think you can’t do, or what you think you don’t have ... If I was able to overcome my challenges and trials, then no one in this room has any excuse.”

Jeanette Davis, director of exceptional children for RCS, called the message "inspirational" and empowering.

Less inspiring is this from Tremerton, Utah: Driver, Aide Leave Sleeping Autistic Five-Year-Old on Bus. Apparently, the child woke at the bus yard and walked nearly a mile before he was spotted. Both the driver and aide have been placed on leave.

Those with a print copy of the May issue will see an article ("It's Not Just About Driving..." page 26) about how our brains let us forget things like this and how we might stop it. For those who've read it, any thoughts?

Special Needs Students Bullied, Left Out, Study Finds and Much More

Special needs students are left out and bullied more often than their peers, the Medical University of South Carolina concluded. Of note for the school bus community this comment from lead author Kimberly Twyman, M.D., MUSC Department of Pediatrics: "It is essential that parents, educators, and clinicians regularly ask children with special needs about their social experiences and reassure them that any problems will be effectively addressed." What are you doing for the special needs students on your bus to make sure they are not bullied?

What's the difference between "special needs" and and "disabled"? A mother of one boy says its more than just words. Food for thoughts. Comments posting are worth browsing through, too.

We've talked about swine flu and schools, but what about special needs children? The New York Times reports.

In Cleveland, doctors and lawyers are teaming up to help special needs children. According to the article, the city has a slightly higher than average portion of students receiving IEP services, but many parents are intimidated by the system. How's the school transportation community teaming to help students? How could it do it better?

The Supreme Court last week heard arguments about whether public schools should pay for educating special needs students in private schools. The Baltimore Sun offers one of several editorials on the issue, concluding:

... funding special education will remain a problem until some form of comprehensive education reform is enacted. Private institutions will never be able to make up for the failures of large numbers of public school special-ed programs that don't work. What's needed are across-the-board improvements in public education that also include raising the quality of instruction and services offered to children with special needs.

Monday Headlines

• Texas looks at voucher bill for students with disabilities. The vouchers would allow students with documented disabilities to attend pubic schools in other districts or private schools.
• Transporting Special Needs Children? It’s EZ with the Roosevelt
• Mother of child shaken by care-worker fights to raise awareness. According to one group, 1,200 to 1,400 babies are hurt or killed due to shaking each year.
  

Closed Schools, Lessons For Parents, the 'R' Word and More

• New Jersey parents of children with special needs don't want their schools with declining enrollment closed in an effort to cut costs.
• A Virginia non-profit helps parents understand their children's emotional and mental special needs.
  
• The Alliance for Disability Awareness says no more to the 'R' word
• Florida police chief offers database of all community members with special needs. File designed to help first-responders to include photo, special need, contact person, home address, type of special need, special instructions.
  
• Special Needs Alliance, a non-profit collective of disability and public benefits attorneys, welcomes new honorary member.
  

Stimulus and Autism Awareness Month

• Tomorrow the U.S. Department of Educaiton is scheduled to release guidelines on how states can spend millions in education stimulus. As they wait, Georgia public schools ponder how they'll use their funds. State Superintendent Kathy Cox says: "We’re going after every dollar out there and we’re going to spend wisely everything that comes our way.”
• As National Autism Awareness Month starts this week, some schools are saying they're having trouble meeting the needs of a growing populations of autism-diagnosed students.
• Not only are there more special needs students, it's gotten to be more expensive to educate them over the last decade, a report to Pennsylvania school board found.

Web Highlights: Stimulus Transparency, Controversial Restraint Technique, et

• The stimulus package bolsters special needs education, but it also requires increased transparency for spending. The Journal, looks at one method of tracking IDEA program progress in Maryland.
  
• In a disaster, what will your special needs riders and their families do? In Navajo County, Ariz., police and human services officials are helping to come up with plans for evacuation and shelter.
• A California judge dropped a case against a school district alleging a teacher's use of the "prone restraint" -- where the student is held face down -- left an autistic boy with a broken nose, bruises and scratches.
• A school in Canada gives children with special needs a classroom designed to engage their senses.

Monday Rundown: Stimulus, Gaffe (Again), Problems in Canada

• In Massachusets, Gov. Deval Patrick was set to order $290 million in federal for special education services. The state's education secretary said these funds are critical. "There are many very talented teachers in schools ... who have dedicated their careers to educating students with special needs," S. Paul Reville stated. "The announcement ... will directly support their work and improve the educational opportunities of all students."
• Meanwehile, education officials in Connecticut see flaws in the federal stimulus aid aimed at their state. The Hartford Courant Reports, "...$243 million is targeted to special education programs or Title 1 schools, which have a high percentage of poor children. Federal rules appear to require that the money go to new initiatives, so a school system can't just backfill a general budget shortage with the money. That's why many educators fear they could be powerless to avoid regular education layoffs while at the same time having either to hire extra special education or Title 1 staff — or give back the stimulus money."
• Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger, who apparently is an international coach of the Special Olympics, defended President Obama over the gaffe that on "The Tonight Show" that caught a lot of heat last week. "I know where his heart is at. He loves the Special Olympics and he would do everything he can to help the Special Olympics. And every one of us sometimes makes a mistake by something comes out of your mouth and you say, 'Oops I wish I wouldn't have said that.' I've had many of those," Gov. Schwarzenegger said.
• It's not yellow school buses, but the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation is reporting that special needs transit buses are "rife with problems." Concerns include "accounts of drivers dropping mobility-challenged customers at the curb [and] leaving them to walk to their residence by themselves" and a "lack of driver training for handling individuals in wheelchairs."
• Is there a kid on the bus who just can't sit in his/her seat or just fidgets so much s/he falls right out? You may know a kid with SPD (sensory processing disorder). A parent of a child with special needs explains that the disorder "causes him to engage in activities that 'feed' his need for a lot of sensory input."
  

Olympic-sized Presidential Gaffe and More Talk on Funding

• The Obama Administration is pledging an additional $5 billion for early-preschool education as part of a a five year educaiton reform plan.
  
• During his appearance on "The Tonight Show" President Barack Obama attemped a joke, saying that his bowling (score: 129) was "like the Special Olympic or something." But, before the joke aired, the president was apologizing to the chairman of the Special Needs Olympics. Needless to day, the phrase and even the apology are taking a lot of heat in the blogosophere.
• Meanwhile, in Alaska Governor Sarah Palin is joining some other Republican governors in rejecting a portion of the federal stimulus money bound for her state. According to to the Anchorage Daily News, Palin has rejected 30 percent of the money designated for Alaska. The biggest chunk of that, some $170 million, is intended for education, including money that would go for programs to help economically disadvantaged and special needs students. That's upsetting some Alaksa school leaders.
  

Special Needs Stimulus Perspectives and a Few Harsh Words

• Education Week writes about caution around the all the new funding that will go to schools for special needs. The sudden flood of funding may help a landscape that has been in a fiscal drought for years but provides no promise of sustained funding. One school's experience suggests how complex these decisions may be:

... Judith Johnson ... will be able to use stimulus money to preserve about five teaching positions in next year’s proposed budget. However, the stimulus measure didn’t prevent the district from sending layoff notifications last week to some 50 staff members, including teachers, clerical employees, and custodians. The employees who may end up being laid off at the end of this school year represent about 10 percent of the district’s staff.

• Similarly, Administrators Ponder Best Use for Special Education Stimulus Funds
• From New York an editorial on federal stimulus should be tapped to restore special needs education. The resident of Pearl River wants money to make up for cost-of-living-increases, day rehabilitation services for adults with special needs and out-of-home residential care.
• Harsh words from the parent of a special needs student on IEPs and transportation. To better understand how parents can feel about this, it's well worth checking out the whole stream of discussions.

Hot Topics and Slow Dollars

• Like Molases: Stimulus money is coming, but many districts will have to wait. One Texas district expects to wait months to see the first trickles of a $100 million stream over the next two years.
• Too Hot to Touch: About.com's Special Needs blog spins off an idea from NPR with its list of Ten Toxic Special Needs Topics. On the top of the list of hot-button issues in special needs discussions: peanut bans.
• On that note... NPR also looks at an experiment that takes a bite out of peanut allergies.
  
• The Examined Life: A special needs parent asks if sometimes 'we' coddle special needs children too much. While another parent looks at how best to discipline her special needs teen.
  

After the Ride: Job Numbers Grim for People With Disabilities

Occasionally, we look at how schools prepare special needs riders for life after the bus ride ends. Transition planning often includes travel training on how to use public transit systems and getting them ready for the working world. But like everywhere else opportunities here are shrinking. "In February, the unemployment rate for people with disabilities rose to 14 percent compared with 8.7 percent for the rest of the population ... Meanwhile, just 19.8 percent of people with disabilities are employed compared to 64.8 percent for the rest of the population." Indiana University East Disability & Community Blog laments:

For many students with disabilities, becoming a productive citizen is a deciding factor in whether they can enjoy the liberties of a democratic society. People with disabilities are often dependent upon social services to provide a variety of supports that make it possible for them to be employed. It can take months if not years to get agency help coordinated in ways that make employment possible. It is a daunting task to start the support process all over again when a job falls through.

Texas Team Takes Home 2009 Roadeo Crown

As promised, results from the 2009 National Special Needs Team Roadeo during the Transporting Students with Disabilities & Preschoolers 18th National Conference & Exhibition. From our Web site:

Jeffery Brown and Deanna Mallow of Kileen, Texas, took home the first place trophy after a hotly contested 2009 National Special Needs Team Roadeo during the Transporting Students with Disabilities & Preschoolers 18th National Conference & Exhibition.

The economy appeared to have something to do with smaller total conference attendance numbers than from recent years, and only 16 teams competed this year down from 30 in 2008. But that fact did not keep the participants from pushing each other in such skills tests as evacuations, railroad crossings and child passenger seat restraints. Brown and Mallow held off Lynea Brown and Michael Ingraham of Falcon, Colo., by just five points. Finishing in third place was Suzanne Gettings and Lee Ann Ovens of Penn Yann, N.Y.

The event was held in freezing cold temperatures on Feb. 28 at Decatur Intermediate Learning Center. The larger conference concluded on March 4.

Look for more on the conference in our April issue. For now, some a photo of the winners:

Special Needs Highlights

• They may not ride the school bus, but these special needs students are getting help from their school. The Miami-Herald tells the story of the Merrick Educational Center "the only public school in Miami-Dade County that works with homebound, hospitalized or special needs children who are unable to attend a traditional school. The school goes from pre-K to 12th grade."
  
• It's not what we think of when we talk about a Special Needs Rodeo. (We'll be posting the results from Special Needs Roadeo in Indianapolis soon, we promise). But the California High School Roadeo association is letting some special needs students lasso and ride life-size "broncos" and "horses" hand rocked by volunteered.
• Another special needs Rodeo of the same breed is looking for pardn'rs to volunteer for the event.

Stimulus, Solidarity and Site Update

Last week, we reported that the stimulus package provides $13.6 billion for special needs education. In the week ahead, we'll look at the package more closely and discuss how schools and pupil transporters may be able to get their piece of the pie.

Later this week, special needs experts gather in Indianapolis, Ind., for the National Conference on Transporting Students With Disabilities & Preschoolers. The group might take note, in Northern California, a group of parents of children with autism and other special needs have formed their own PTA. The group was founded to help parents work together to draw attention to special needs and the often under-funded mandated special education costs. The group's president and co-founder Susie Christensen stated the group's mission:

"Our mission is to disseminate information and support parents in their quest for educating their children, and let them know they're not alone."

For those looking for education online, we've recently updated the special needs section of our Web site. Inside disabilities definitions, resources, commentaries and more.

To: Arne Duncan, From: Special Needs

Special needs advocates want U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan to take a look at "rolling out long-awaited regulations for educating young children and cracking down on the use of restraints and seclusion as school disciplinary measures," Education Week reports [free subscription required and well worth it].

Rules for infants and toddlers with special needs, No Child Left Behind testing regulation, and "seclusion tactics" for disruptive students are all on the want list. One official, Nancy Reder, deputy executive director for governmental relations for National Association of State Directors of Special Education, thought well of early meetings with Duncan.

“The number-one thing, and Duncan has already done it, is [offer] access ... We really felt that there was no opportunity to be heard by the previous administration."

Special needs transportation does not appear on the wish list as mentioned in the article. But what, if any, issues should be before Duncan?